Research standard
Articles are based on a mix of koi books, breeder and association references, university extension publications, veterinary references, hobby experience, and user-provided research materials. Claims about health, water quality, medication, and disease are treated more cautiously than general hobby opinions.
Writing and rewriting
Source material is summarized and rewritten in original language. The site does not copy long passages from books, PDFs, breeder pages, or association pages. When a page depends on a specific reference, the reference is linked in the article or on the sources page.
Images
Photos are selected from original materials, licensed/public sources, or clearly credited references. AI-generated images may be used for atmosphere or illustration, but not as proof for variety judging, disease diagnosis, or purchase decisions. Local koi sale images should be original photos of the actual fish whenever possible.
Translations
The English, Chinese, Spanish, and Japanese versions should carry the same structure and core information, but wording is adapted so each language reads naturally. If a translation is unclear, the priority is accurate meaning, not word-for-word matching.
Corrections and updates
Koi knowledge is practical and sometimes debated. When better evidence, clearer photos, or corrected terminology becomes available, pages should be updated. Readers may send correction suggestions through the contact or community page.